Ring of wizardry pathfinder 2e. A ring has AC 13, 2 hit points, hardness 10, and a break DC of 25. Ring of wizardry pathfinder 2e

 
 A ring has AC 13, 2 hit points, hardness 10, and a break DC of 25Ring of wizardry pathfinder 2e Ironbound Ring (Minion) 500 gp: Fool's Malady: 900 gp: Kyton Ring: 1,000

Hmm, ok thinking back over it, it seems pretty clear it was meant for prepared casters, who effectively double the number of "prepared" spells they can cast in the same day, getting 8 different spells instead of simply 2 castings of 4 spells. One of the big things is that Wizards are already “providing a satisfying play experience. This is a solid addition to 2E and well worth adding to your library, although uneven or even disappointing in places. I'm playing a sorcerer and have acquired a lesser Ring of Wizardry. There are plenty magic items that give you extra spell slots, e. 479 Aura moderate (no school) CL 11th Slot ring; Price 20,000 gp (type I), 40,000 gp (type II), 70,000 gp (type III), 100,000 gp (type IV); Weight — Description This special ring comes in four varieties, all of them useful only to arcane spellcasters. I consider daggers to be more useful for their out of combat and roleplay uses, although light hammers are up there for smashing things. You are the Wizard. This could be a campaign summary, ABC and build, or character profile, as appropriate. Source Core Rulebook pg. whether or not the rings all give you their benefit is up to the specifics of the rings and normal bonus stacking rules. Wizards = Normal. Important spells like Mage Armor scale with spell level, allowing them to. Let's start by mentioning my unconditional love for full spellcasters. Level Four Skill Feat - Treat Condition Class feat - Doctor's Visitation Now we can stride and heal, Insane action economy. Old edition wizards could burn thru all their spells in a single encounter and then force the party to rest even when the martials were still capable. Uncommon Illusion Invested Magical Visual. On a critical hit, the weapon’s damage die increases to that die size instead of the normal die size, and the weapon adds one additional damage die of the listed size. Only one such ring—the strongest—functions, so a pair of protection rings +2 provides only +2 protection. Each silver piece is a standard weight of silver and is typically accepted by any merchant or kingdom no matter where it was minted. The spells that can be cast from a staff are listed in. Heightened Spells: Heightening spells is an important mechanic in Pathfinder 2e. Item 6+. Level 4 costs: 100,000 for ring of wizardry. Having a maxed out Ring of Wizardry is a 14th level ring and adds 2 4th level spell slots and a 3rd level spell slot. This bond can take one of two forms: a familiar or a bonded object. Epic Ring Descriptions. The only way Extra Cantrips helps a wizard is to gain cantrips from opposition schools, as they start with all other cantrips. This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. Players must explore and fight their way through the vast open-world to. raven00x. 3. The rings provide a +2 resistance bonus on saves and a +2 deflection bonus to AC. Wizards were kind of convincing when magic sounded like arcane maths. Spells cast from the ring have a save DC of 17. An existing bond can be broken by a successful dispel check against the caster level of the ring. More or less in line with the Ring of Wizardry itself, and roughly following the Item Building guidelines for special abilities. While wearing the ring of wizardry , you gain a +1 item bonus to Arcana checks and have two additional 1st-level arcane spell slots each day. The Druid is an interesting class. TyrKnight : May 22, 2014, 06:33 pm:. Just look to them for inspiration. 0. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. Things like the Aeon Stones slotted into a wayfinder that offer good effects (Tourmaline Sphere, Dusty Rose Prism), Ring of the Ram, Ring of energy resistance, Fleshgem (Earthspeaker), Ring of Wizardry, Crown of the Fire Eater, all the Spellhearts are interesting from the get go and only get better with upgrades. You get a little bit of healing, some spells from the cleric list, and eventually you get Miracle. Ring of Fear Reflection. A third magic ring doesn't work if the wearer is already wearing two magic rings. 2-3 bonus low-level spell slots; Sepulchral Sublimation 14th-level Reanimator Archetype Feat. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS. A spellcaster can cast a single spell into this ring as long as no spell is currently stored within, expending the normal time, costs, and so forth to Cast the Spell. To determine the value of a protection ring, use the following table: D100. If any of the above three points are not RAW please comment below. Recommended: PC running Windows 10, 8. "This ring generates a shield-sized (and shield-shaped) wall of force that stays with the ring and can be wielded by the wearer as if it were a heavy shield (+2 AC). A player character has just one main class, for example a classic cleric. ] Heatstone 20 [sometimes you need a fire without risk, or you can't find wood] Flint and Steel 1. Using Skills for Initiative. Craft Requirements Supply one casting of all listed levels. Worn Items. This special ring comes in four varieties, all of them useful only to arcane spellcasters. Pathfinder monks aren't weak! I try to demonstrate the incredible diversity and power of Pathfinder 2e monks in this combat demonstration! We have a drunken master, crane monk, weapon monk, ki master, and zen archer. No poisons, harmful items, or items that may have any additional effects such as magical desserts. Art via Paizo Inc. This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric. Crafting & Treasure. The ring allows the wearer to continually utilize the effects of the spell water walk. Description. Feats Forge Ring; Spells water walk; Cost 7,500 gp. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. View All SourcesRing of Sustenance. 80, Treasure Vault pg. It's nice to see you exploring it finally though. Pathfinder 2E focuses more on team play and inner party set ups. May 23, 2018, 10:30 pm. Ezren, the 2E Iconic Wizard. com: Jasper Moonstone's Empty Spell Book - Pathfinder 2e - “The Fancy Lad’s Guide to Wizardry: Cursed Edition!”: A Journal / Log / Tracker / Notebook to Organize Your Pathfinder 2e RPG Spellcaster Spells: Moonstone, Jasper: BooksThis ring is crafted with a feather pattern all around its edge. Treasure comes in all sorts of forms, from humble copper coins to incredibly powerful and valuable magic items. CryptoThis ring is a thin but sturdy piece of forged steel crafted to resemble a serpent swallowing its tail, and is magically imbued to reveal the secrets of arcane mastery to its wearer. The first edition extends and modifies the System Reference Document (SRD) based on the revised 3rd edition Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) published by Wizards of the Coast under the Open Game License (OGL) and is. Results 1 to 7 of 7. The wearer’s arcane spells per day are doubled for one specific spell level. Oh, and that whole not-taking-a-slot thing is pretty nice too. Ed. The Remaster is removing, reskinning, and/or replacing OGL materials with original ORC materials. With the combo below you can cast/magical striker/sudden charge, cast/magical striker/power attack, or cast/magical striker/slice. Pathfinder 2nd Edition Wizard Class. Each day when you prepare your spells, you can designate a single item you own as your bonded item. The Complete Wizard Chronicle is your spell book. Ring of Wizardry. It grants you a +1 item bonus to Arcana. Bonus spells from high ability scores or school specialization are not. A ring has AC 13, 2 hit points, hardness 10, and a break DC of 25. DESCRIPTION. Ring of energy resistance pathfinder Aura moderate abjuration; CL 11th; Slot ring; Price 12,000 gp (minor), 28,000 gp (major), 44,000 gp (greater); Weight — DESCRIPTION Rings of this type come in a wide variety of designs and colorations, typically related to the types of energy they defend against. Ring of wizardry III: sorcerers overcharged by 16,000 gp, wizards by 34,000 gp, for markups of 30% and 94% respectively. 5=5. ; Aura faint universal. 1. You prepare spells in these slots or cast. Amazon. ago. Source Secrets of Magic pg. Many, MANY class feats are about either being the 1 or 2 of a 1/2 combo attack with martials. According to the pathfinder SRD - If the object is a ring or amulet, it occupies the. So at first glance, an Endlesss Grimoire seems perfect for a Magus. School. The ring specifically excludes non-casters from being able to use it. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. Ancestry and background, initial proficiencies, arcane spellcasting, arcane school, arcane bond, arcane thesis. The intimidating 640-page Pathfinder 2E Core Rulebook was split into a version for players and one for game masters, and the character sheet was updated based on feedback that it looked a little. But You gain +1 spell slot per spell level, that you can Spontaneous cast as a sorcerer, from the listed spell that the wizard has already memorized for the day. 3 Wizards form an arcane bond with an object, and are able to store an extra portion of spell energy within the object and use it as a spell focus. Fairy Ring Retreat Source Advanced Class Guide pg. A staff is tied to one person during a preparation process, after which the preparer, and only the preparer, can harness the staff to cast a variety of spells throughout the day. A ring of wizardry I doubles 1st-level spells, a ring of wizardry II doubles 2nd-level spells, a ring of wizardry III doubles 3rd-level spells, and a ring of wizardry IV doubles 4th-level spells. Ring of Truth Source Ultimate Equipment pg. You can cast 3 additional spells per day of a maximum level up to 1 with a maximum of 2 from each level. . This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. The Druid is an interesting class. Its more about feats and the normal armor/weapon progression. 5] K + 70 x [1. Or against a high level boss with True Target active and you double disintegrate (8+6), and the boss natural 1s. 5] + 40 [1. Who: Adventures in Time and Space. A ring of. While wearing the ring of wizardry , you gain a +1 item bonus to Arcana checks and have two additional 1st-level arcane spell slots each day. 5 damage more on a crit compared to a d6 weapon. A mesmerizing gemstone caps the head of this handsomely crafted wooden staff. 2% markup for sorcerers. When using the Use Magic Device skill to activate a scroll or spell trigger item based on that spell, the bearer gains a +10 insight bonus on the skill check. 154 1. The fatal trait includes a die size. In Pathfinder 2e the ranger is more of a hunter than the "druid lite" of 5e. Most often, the bonded object will be jewelry, a staff or wand, or a weapon; some wizards choose to. There are three other common types of coins, each likewise standardized in weight and value. Your foes will know not to meddle in the affairs of Wizards - especially you. Other Academies. A potency rune is what makes a weapon a magic weapon (page 599) or armor magic armor (page 556). The point of 2e polymorph spells is to give spellcasters access to near-martial combat prowess for the cost of a spell slot or focus point. The other big difference is that any extra attacks with a Strike action will be subject to the multiple attack penalty . It bestows one negative level on any chaotic creature that puts it on. Players must explore and fight their way through the vast open-world to unite all the shards, restore the Elden Ring, and become Elden Lord. 1. You add one 1st-level transmutation spell (such as magic weapon) to your spellbook. In Gygax's Necropolis is an equivalent magical item to the Ring of wizardry. hence why bards (belonging to the rogues group) cannot use a ring of wizardy, but Sorcerer's (belonging to the wizard's group) can. fails is dead and the Troll King is at half life or less. 2. For example, when a rogue rolls a Stealth check to sneak up behind a guard, the result of that Stealth check is also the rogue's Initiative check. Take the Ring of Wizardry, and anywhere it says "arcane" relating to spells, make it Divine, Primal or Occult. Endless Grimoire can get you a single bonus spell slot that may be of use. Abilities gained at higher levels list the levels at which you gain them next to the features' names. This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. 2nd-level spells, general feat, skill increase. . g. Ring of Wizardry (IV) is 100k, and that's 6 pearls of power. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. While wearing the ring of wizardry, you gain a +2 item bonus to Arcana checks and have two additional 3rd-level arcane spell slots and. 6K Online. The ring of invisibility is one of a handful of items that completely ignore the pricing formula because it would be so powerful otherwise. View all high-tech. This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. 154 1. Ring of Wizardry is an Uncommon magic item. DESCRIPTION. Level 2: 3 (Base) - 2 (Burned) + 1 (Gained) = 2 /// Burn 2 Level 2 spell slots. 3. bless: A great buff at low levels, and with minutes/level duration it can last through a fight or two. The One Ring 2 nd edition is a well-written RPG that accurately captures the feel of Tolkien’s works. (Part 2 of the "D&D Monks, But Good" series!) Price 4,500 gp. Stephen Ede. Spell-Storing Rune. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. The standard rule is that two doublings equal a triple. X/Pathfinder. I don't know of anything similar for the other traditions. Description. I was thinking of things I take for granted in Paizo adventures -- good organization, motivations for PCs, useful background info on. Click here for the full rules on Worn Items. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS. For example, if you're making use of your social skills from being a sorcerer, a demon mask, diplomat's badge, or ventriloquists ring will. torrasque666 • 1 yr. Price 48,000 gp; Slot ring; CL 7th; Weight —; Aura moderate abjuration and necromancy. 3. It's an interesting question. At level 4, a ring will double your spell slots, and for the same money you can only buy 3 runestones, so I guess there the ring is a better choice. There are, and there are not. You can get A Monster for Every Season: Summer 2 now at Gumroad. The Arcane School in 2E is very interesting because, if I read the rules currently, it seems to come with no drawback - only benefits. While not a pixel-perfect carbon copy of the complex typography used by Paizo, this template attempts to faithfully reproduce every. Magic Items. "Wizards are proficient with the club, dagger, heavy crossbow, light crossbow, and quarterstaff, but not with any type of armor or shield. The resistance against arcane spells is 10. • 1 yr. On that note, get scrolls like Remove Paralysis and other removal spell for the just in case moments. This ring is a thin but sturdy piece of forged steel crafted to resemble a serpent swallowing its tail, and is magically imbued to reveal the secrets of arcane mastery to its wearer. 9 or iPad running. (A Pathfinder RPG Adventure) S-Class Characters: Time Wardens; Earthdawn Player's Guide Softcover. Price 4,500 gp. It seems that caster classes no longer receive bonus spell slots from high ability scores. Darklone Registered User. Despite their limited base skill ranks, Wizards’ dependence. The Universalist, while interesting in his own right seems. The class doesn't revolve around "favored enemy" or "favored terrain" mechanics, instead the ranger can designate one enemy to mark as prey, against which she can fight better, and has. dndbeyond. Seek or Recall Knowledge. For most commoners and beginning adventurers, the standard unit is the silver piece (sp). It's worth noting that you do not actually have to meet armor's strength requirement to wear it. This kobold wire is thin and hard to see, making it perfect for an ambush. Well, in 2E Dark Sun they were meant to be assassins, not the "magical music men" they were in vanilla 2E and 3. 3 Retrieving an item stowed in your own backpack requires. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature with the arcane tradition. If you are an Arcane witch, Ring of Wizardry should work for you. cubes/level (S) Duration 2 hours/level (D) Saving Throw none; Spell Resistance no. While wearing the ring of wizardry, you gain a +2 item bonus to Arcana checks and have two additional 3rd-level arcane spell slots and. The wearer of this cursed ring is rendered unable to. The remainder of this chapter contains the descriptions of dozens of new magic items. Hero Lab might be taking the "You also add another arcane spell of your chosen school to your spellbook. Monsters are made to oppose players and their abilities could be too strong in player hands. The ring grants resistance 15. The Unmemorable Mantle can either save a botched conversation or cause havoc depending on the will save. Roll Level of Protection. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. This reads like straight up just abandoning everything that made Pathfinder well Pathfinder. And Pathfinder 2E treats them pretty well, especially with its overhauled feat. Cantrips Wizards can prepare a number of cantrips, or 0-level spells, each day, as noted on Table: Wizard under “Spells per Day. May 23, 2018, 10:30 pm. 162 1. This small gemstone comes in four types and mimics the. It would be unbalanced for the ring of wizardry to work with bards. Armor interferes with a wizard's movements, which can cause his spells with somatic components to fail. Yeah I got the ring of Wizardry, but already have spells I learned from scrolls as a Sorcerer. Usage worn; Bulk —. Magic Jar - 6th level wizard spell. Wizard Dedication Feat 2. before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Though the ring has a special appeal because that's a ring (so small and not easy to lose), has an item bonus to arcana (otherwise the Hats of Magi are more or less the only option and their special properties aren't very useful), is a traditional wizard item with a nice name. Crafting a spellheart requires the spells the spellheart can cast. Rings are very hard to disarm or lose and while there are a few really good rings, they are very pricey. If you are an arcane spellcaster, these can instead be heightened to. It dosen't let me add a number to one or. Jul 8, 2002. #pathfinder #pathfinder2e #pf2e A pathfinder 2e build based on the Immortal One from Planescape torment(Sorry for the mic issues, will Clear that up in futu. Archives of Nethys Armor | Artifacts | Cursed Items | Intelligent Items | Potions/Oils | Rings | Rods | Staves | Weapons | Wondrous Items | Other Ring of Wizardry for a sorcerer is a better investment. They can be used once per day, but can be overcharged to attempt to cast them again at great risk. Amulets and Rings in 2e. Usage worn; Bulk —. The following items work much like the scaling items introduced in Pathfinder RPG Pathfinder. Price 2,000 gp. You gain the Drain Bonded Item free action. 1. It was also dabbled in D&D 3rd edition. A 3 part book: Part 1: A 20-25 page character sheet with enough room to really map out every facet of your character. The ring allows a wearer with an arcane pool to store up to 4 points from his arcane pool in the ring as a swift action. This post is labelled with the Advice flair, which means extra special attention is called to the Be Kind and Respectful rule. Top 2% Rank by size. Slot ring; Price 20,000 gp (Type I), 40,000 gp (Type II), 70,000 gp (Type III), 100,000 gp (Type IV); Weight —. Chapter 11: Crafting & Treasure (Source Core Rulebook pg. L1 - 20,000 gp - 3,333 gold/spell vs pearl is 1,000 gold/spell. This preview PDF includes all the rules, spells, and tools referenced in Rage of Elements! You’ll also find an explanation of some of the changes coming in the. The hardness is based on the level of the ring. 298 4. It does nothing unless you have a spellcasting class feature. Pathfinder Remastered – The Wizard. Pathfinder Adventure Card Society; Promo Cards; Accessories; Gaming. L1 - 20,000 gp - 3,333 gold/spell vs pearl is 1,000 gold/spell. Fireball and Haste are both third-rank spells, for example, and will compete for the same slots. Pathfinder RPG 2E Remastered GM Core Special Edition Hardcover. Description. Characters of spellcasting classes can cast a certain number of spells each day; the spells you can cast in a day are referred to as spell slots. Because of its association with the eldritch, the aberrant, and the unknown, it is seen as creepy and rarely discussed openly, leading to even more disinformation among the general population of Golarion. View all siege weapons. 13. Dereliction • 6 yr. The ring does it's best to solve the problem envisioned by it's wearer, but may do so in unexpected or potentially dangerous ways, but it will always try to be as efficient as possible. A 5e player transferring to pathfinder 2e asking for help with character building. Worn items include the following subcategories, with special rules appearing at the start of the section. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS. Aside from the base progression cap of 3 spell slots for levels 1-9 and 1-2 slots for 10th level, what other ways are there to increase spell slots, such as feats or items (Ring of Wizardry) or class abilities?Item 1. All of this is before my numerous wands and a staff and a ring of wizardry, not to mention that I’m getting the rest of my focus point pool from the magic cleric domain spells. While there are 55,917. Only a rare few have charges—most magic rings are permanent and potent magic items. They are also defensive powerhouses, and can fly out of reach of a melee character. But the Druid goes far beyond their spell list: Druids can train a powerful Animal Companion to fight alongside them; they can transform into beasts like wolves. If the saving throws fail, the creatures become docile and follow the. The bonding property of the ring of transposition can be used as often as desired, breaking any existing bond each time it is used. They're made using a variety of materials, such as metal or. If they succeed, they move rapidly away from the ring wearer. Clandestine Cloak, Cloak of the Bat, Cloak of Elvenkind, Shadow rune, Shrinking Potion (1 hour) Coyote Cloak. I'm surprised Paizo never did for Pathfinder. Pathfinder 2e: The Ultimate Wizard Remade! In the quest to perfect the wizard, I've listened to even more feedback. It feels something like a mix of 1E Advanced Player Guide and Advanced Class guide with less ancestries and classes but I like that: nice to have a bit of both rather than to. Ring of Wizardry, in Pathfinder at least, grants double your base spells for that spell level from you class. When opened, this grimoire has unlimited pages that, oddly, seem almost eager to transcribe spells. View all intelligent items. The wearer of this ring is constantly sheathed in a shield of law effect. Unicore : May 26, 2023, 04:39 pm: 12 people marked this as a favorite. First, because they can't use Pearls of Power, and second, because they get 6 base spells per level rather than 4. In order to forge the ring, one. There are a lot of ways to improve your chances of landing a spell in a fight though. Or are wizards and other spellcaster free to grab some nice AC by grabbing a feat or two. Crafting costs 92. If the possessed body dies near the container, you get a saving throw to not. Mar 26, 2010, 09:22 am. . While wearing this cloak you can comfortably rest in any space, so long as it's not wet or particularly hazardous. 5 K and alot of exp. Organizing and categorizing is kind of part and parcel of most education processes. Casting Magic Jar allows your soul to leave your body without dying (and steal other people's bodies) Your soul survives even if your original body dies. The GM sets the DC for the check based on the spell’s level and rarity; it’s typically a bit easier than Learning the Spell. Introduction. While sleeping in this cloak you only take a –2. The wearer’s arcane spells per. You can activate the robe when you or an ally within 30 feet attempts a saving throw against an arcane spell, and the robe grants either you or the ally a success on the triggering saving throw; you still can activate it only once per day. SaneExile • 1 yr. I know theres plenty of useful feats for wizards like some of the metamagics, a couple crafting feats, and spell focus. Physical Description: Rings have no appreciable weight. essencially, where other d20 systems have th. However I am unsure of things from 1e like, say, an Amulet of Natural Armor +1 or a Ring of Invisibility. Skinning animals, unsealing letters, carving marks into trees and wood, whittling, cutting rope and items, etc. This ring magically conceals any armor and sheathed weapons you're wearing by either turning them. The wearer is continually immune to detect thoughts, discern lies, and any attempt to magically discern her alignment. A reading ring is personalized to its user and capable of reading only languages in which the user is fluent. Whether you are a player or a DM, you will find something useful and exciting in this comprehensive collection of magic items. Someone mentioned Treantmonk's guide to god wizards in dnd and I wondered if there's anything like that for 2e. Aglonak. Physical Description: Rings have no appreciable weight. Your key spellcasting ability for wizard archetype spells is Int. This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. Obviously being completely immune to critical hits feels punishing to set weapons, so instead we grant bosses the poise. Tossing out the "Traditional 8" didn't need to be done to explore alternate schools/categorizations of magic. Source Pathfinder #157: Devil at the Dreaming Palace pg. Brooch of Shielding Item 2. Slot ring; Price 20,000 gp (Type I), 40,000 gp (Type II), 70,000 gp (Type III), 100,000 gp (Type IV); Weight —. Price 23,000 gp. per the games implementation of the 2e ruleset, the ring only works for the 2e Wizard Group which the Bard does not belong to but which the sorcerer. A ring of wizardry was a type of ring only usable by those with magical abilities. Price 1,000 gp Usage worn; Bulk — This ring is made from the purest platinum and is covered in esoteric arcane symbols. Items can support characters by granting bonuses. Rather than having Initiative be a simple Dexterity check, Pathfinder 2e lets you roll any skill you have as your Initiative, for as long as it's applicable to the situation. The devs are intentionally testing how many wizards end up wearing armor. Pathfinder 2E Healing issues, and multiclassing in 2e? ZebraDruid; Jun 6, 2023 *Pathfinder & Starfinder 2. But for a ring of wizardry that doubles 0-level spells, I think 10,000gp might be too high though. As a long-time hater of the. It would be unbalanced for the ring of wizardry to work with bards. 303 4. If I had 3 bonus spells in the app, I have to check Spell Bonus Slot and/or Additional spells. I'm playing the playtest version right now with the free archetype. Wizards are still overcharged by 36,000 gp, but sorcerers by only 4,000 gp. Now it sounds more like guilds and traditions which sounds less like wizards that go to schools and more like wizards that are products of individual apprenticeship. This combination opened up a lot of possibilities for me. The wearer’s arcane spells per day are doubled for one specific spell level. This magic comes from the arcane tradition, which is built on logic and rationality. You understand that change is inevitable. Price 1,800 gp. Source Secrets of Magic pg. You prepare spells in these slots or cast.